In the loess plateau, a typical slope of agro-grass is selected to study the spatial structure of shallow soil moisture and its distribution characteristics under both wet and dry conditions, in order to provide a theoretical reference for vegetation restoration and ecological construction in the Loess Plateau. This is because soil moisture is a major factor in the growth of vegetation and has a very important decisive role in its growth and distribution. The determination of soil moisture can be measured using a soil moisture meter.

Using a soil moisture quickness tester, it was found that changes in soil moisture along the length of the slope are affected by the land use structure on the slope. The four transects represent the four typical land use structures in the study area. Soil moisture content in column A (grassland-grassland) and B (farmland-farmland-agriculture land) under a single land use pattern shows a wave-like pattern along the increase of slope length, with an overall increasing trend. (figure 2). According to the analysis, the main reasons for the regularity of the soil moisture in the single land use structure transect are as follows: 1 Micro-topography, especially slope, affects surface runoff and soil flow, and thus affects the distribution characteristics of water. The slope of the entire study is not exactly the same, and it is at a relatively flat measuring point. Especially at the top of the slope, the ability to maintain water is relatively strong. In the middle of the slope, the gradient is relatively steep, and the surface runoff and the midstream flow increase, and the soil moisture increases. Lower. o The texture of the soil is different. During sampling, it was found that hard calcium deposits, which have been deposited for many years at a depth of 40 to 60 cm, play a role in hindering the downward movement of soil moisture, and are prone to the formation of flow in the soil, thus affecting the distribution of water.

The determination of the soil moisture quickness tester found that the soil moisture was moderately mutated under the mixed slope of a certain agricultural grass in the loess hilly region, and the strong rainfall could significantly smooth the spatial difference of soil moisture. According to the coefficient of variation of soil moisture, the reasonable number of samples and the variation of soil depth with time and soil depth are the same, which should be paid attention to when acquiring certain hydrological and soil physical model parameters. Diversification of land use patterns on slopes has increased the coefficient of variation of soil moisture, and land use structure change has become one of the most critical factors leading to soil moisture variation.

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